For a long time I have been a defender of the philosopher Otto Neurath. Why? First, he was underrated by the history of philosophy; second, he was misunderstood by many, even those who were in sympathy with him or with one or the other part or aspect of his work. Thirdly, I think that his contribution to philosophy is not only of historical value but has the mark of being an important step in the development of modern empiricism (and this is not to take account of his many-sidedness in such different fields as sociology, economy, politics, history, architecture, visual education, language construction, etc.).